XBasic

' ######################  Max Reason
' #####  language  #####  copyright 1988-2000
' ######################  XBasic language reference helpfile
'
' for Windows XBasic
' for Linux XBasic
'
'
' keyword         catagory     description
' =================================================================================
' ABS()           intrinsic    Absolute Value
' ACOS()          xma          arc-cosine
' ACOSH()         xma          arc-hyperbolic-cosine
' ATAN()          xma          arc-tangent
' ATANH()         xma          arc-hyperbolic-tangent
' ACSC()          xma          arc-cosecant
' ACSCH()         xma          arc-hyperbolic-cosecant
' ALL             auxiliary    In SELECT CASE, execute all matching cases
' AND             operator     Bitwise AND (integer only)
' ASC()           intrinsic    Numeric value of ASCII character in string
' ASEC()          xma          arc-secant
' ASECH()         xma          arc-hyperbolic-secant
' ASIN()          xma          arc-sine
' ASINH()         xma          arc-hyperbolic-sine
' ATAN()          xma          arc-tangent
' ATANH()         xma          arc-hyperbolic-tangent
' ATTACH          statement    Attach one array/subarray to another
' AUTO            statement    Declare variable to be AUTO scope
' AUTOS           auxiliary    CLEAR AUTOS initializes AUTO and AUTOX variables
' AUTOX           statement    Declare variable to be AUTOX scope
'
' BIN$()          intrinsic    Binary format string of integer  (010010111...)
' BINB$()         intrinsic    Binary format string of integer  (0b010010111...)
' BITFIELD()      intrinsic    Define bitfield constant or variable
'
' CASE            statement    In SELECT CASE; test cases, execute block on match
' CFUNCTION       statement    Declare/Define C function or C callable function
' CHR$()          intrinsic    Convert ASCII numeric value to 1 byte string
' CJUST$()        intrinsic    Center justify string in field of spaces
' CLEAR           statement    CLEAR AUTOS initializes AUTO and AUTOX variables
' CLOSE()         intrinsic    Close disk, console, or communications file
' CLR()           intrinsic    Clear bit field in integer
' COS()           xma          cosine
' COSH()          xma          hyperbolic-cosine
' COT()           xma          cotangent
' COTH()          xma          hyperbolic-cotangent
' CSC()           xma          cosecant
' CSCH()          xma          hyperbolic-cosecant
' CSIZE()         intrinsic    Count number of bytes before 1st zero byte
' CSIZE$()        intrinsic    Clip string off at 1st null character
' CSTRING$()      intrinsic    Convert C string into native string
'


' DCOMPLEX        statement    Declare variables to be type DCOMPLEX
' DEC             statement    Decrement numeric variable
' DECLARE         statement    Declare function prototype
' DHIGH()         intrinsic    Extract high 32-bits from DOUBLE
' DIM             statement    Dimension an array and zero contents
' DLOW()          intrinsic    Extract low 32-bits from DOUBLE
' DMAKE()         intrinsic    Make DOUBLE from two 32-bit integers
' DO              statement    Initiate a DO...LOOP loop block
' DOUBLE          statement    Declare variables to be type DOUBLE
' DOUBLE()        intrinsic    Convert numeric or string to type DOUBLE
' DOUBLEAT()      intrinsic    Write DOUBLE value into specified memory address
' DOUBLEAT()      intrinsic    Read DOUBLE value from specified memory address
'
' ELSE            statement    Optional in IF...THEN...ELSE...ENDIF blocks
' END             statement    END program, function, or block structure
' ENDIF           statement    End of IF...THEN...ELSE...ENDIF block
' EOF()           intrinsic    Is file pointer beyond end of file
' ERROR()         intrinsic    Return ##XERROR - optionally set a new value
' ERROR$()        intrinsic    Convert error number into an error string
' EXIT            statement    EXIT function or block structure
' EXP()           xma          exponential - e to the x power
' EXP10()         xma          exponential - 10 to the x power
' EXTERNAL        statement    Declare variables to be EXTERNAL scope
' EXTS()          intrinsic    Extract signed bit field
' EXTU()          intrinsic    Extract unsigned bit field
'
' FALSE           auxiliary    Optional in SELECT CASE statements
' FIX()           intrinsic    Integerize with round towards zero
' FOR             statement    Initiate a FOR...NEXT loop block
' FORMAT$()       intrinsic    Create formatted string
' FUNCADDR        statement    Declare variable to be FUNCADDR type
' FUNCADDR()      intrinsic    Convert to type FUNCADDR
' FUNCADDRESS()   intrinsic    Get address of function
' FUNCTION        statement    Declare/Define a function
'
' GHIGH()         intrinsic    Extract high 32-bits from GIANT
' GIANT           statement    Declare variable to be type GIANT
' GIANT()         intrinsic    Convert to type GIANT
' GIANTAT()       intrinsic    Write GIANT value into specified memory address
' GIANTAT()       intrinsic    Read GIANT value from specified memory address
' GLOW()          intrinsic    Extract low 32-bits from GIANT
' GMAKE()         intrinsic    Create GIANT from two 32-bit integers
' GOADDR          statement    Declare variable to be type GOADDR
' GOADDR()        intrinsic    Convert to type GOADDR
' GOADDRESS()     intrinsic    Get address of GOTO label
' GOSUB           statement    Call a local subroutine
' GOTO            statement    Jump to a local label
'
' HEX$()          intrinsic    Create hexadecimal string form of integer
' HEXX$()         intrinsic    HEX$ with "0x" prefix
' HIGH0()         intrinsic    Find bit number of most significant 0 bit
' HIGH1()         intrinsic    Find bit number of most significant 1 bit
'
' IF              statement    IF TRUE test in IF...ENDIF block
' IFF             statement    IF FALSE test in IF...ENDIF block
' IFT             statement    IF TRUE test in IF...ENDIF block
' IFZ             statement    IF ZERO test in IF...ENDIF block
' IMPORT          statement    Read and process a .DEC declaration file
' INC             statement    Increment a variable
' INCHR()         intrinsic    Find first search-set character in string
' INCHRI()        intrinsic    Case insensitive INCHR()
' INFILE$()       intrinsic    Input string from file
' INLINE$()       intrinsic    Input string from main console
' INSTR()         intrinsic    Find first substring in string
' INSTRI()        intrinsic    Case insensitive INSTR()
' INT()           intrinsic    Integer part of number
' INTERNAL        statement    Declare function to have INTERNAL scope
'
' LCASE$()        intrinsic    Convert constants of string to lower case
' LCLIP$()        intrinsic    Clip n bytes from left end of string
' LEFT$()         intrinsic    Leftmost n characters of string
' LEN()           intrinsic    # of elements in string
' LIBRARY         statement    Compile this file as a function library
' LIBRARY()       intrinsic    Is program compiled as a function library
' LJUST$()        intrinsic    Left justify string in field of spaces
' LOF()           intrinsic    Length of file in bytes
' LOG()           xma          logarithm - base e
' LOG10()         xma          logarithm - base 10
' LOOP            statement    End DO...LOOP block
' LTRIM$()        intrinsic    Trim spaces and tabs from left of string
'
' MAKE()          intrinsic    Make a bit-field
' MAX()           intrinsic    Return maximum of two arguments  (larger)
' MID$()          intrinsic    Extract arbitrary part of string
' MIN()           intrinsic    Return minimum of two arguments  (smaller)
' MOD             operator     Arithmetic MODULUS operator
'
' NEXT            statement    End FOR...NEXT loop
' NOT             operator     Bitwise NOT operator (invert all bits)
' NULL$()         intrinsic    Create string of n null characters
'
' OCT$()          intrinsic    Octal string from integer (1234567012...)
' OCTO$()         intrinsic    Octal string from integer (0o1234567012...)
' OPEN()          intrinsic    Open a disk, console, or communications file
' OR              operator     Bitwise OR operator
'
' POF()           intrinsic    Position of file pointer
' POWER()         xma          Raise x to y power - same as x ** y
' PRINT           statement    Print to console, disk, or communications file
' PROGRAM         auxiliary    END PROGRAM is optional after last function
' PROGRAM         statement    Give the program a name
' PROGRAM$()      intrinsic    Get the program name given by PROGRAM statement
'
' QUIT()          intrinsic    Quit executing the program (terminate program)
'
' RCLIP$()        intrinsic    Clip n bytes from right end of string
' READ            statement    Read from file into variables
' REDIM           statement    Redimension an array, preserve contents
' RETURN          statement    Return from function  (not from GOSUB)
' RIGHT$()        intrinsic    Extract rightmost n characters of string
' RINCHR()        intrinsic    Same as INCHR except reverse search direction
' RINCHRI()       intrinsic    Same as RINCHR() except case insensitive
' RINSTR()        intrinsic    Same as INSTR() except reverse search direction
' RINSTRI()       intrinsic    Same as RINSTR() except case insensitive
' RJUST$()        intrinsic    Right justify string in field of spaces
' ROTATEL()       intrinsic    Rotate word left n bits
' ROTATER()       intrinsic    Rotate word right n bits
' RTRIM$()        intrinsic    Trim spaces and tabs from right end of string
'
' SBYTE           statement    Declare variables to be type SBYTE
' SBYTE()         intrinsic    Convert to type SBYTE
' SBYTEAT()       intrinsic    Write SBYTE value into specified memory address
' SBYTEAT()       intrinsic    Read SBYTE value from specified memory address
' SCOMPLEX        statement    Declare variables to be type SCOMPLEX
' SEC()           xma          secant
' SECH()          xma          hyperbolic-secant
' SEEK()          intrinsic    Set file pointer position
' SELECT          statement    Select from one of n alternatives
' SET()           intrinsic    Set specified range of bits = 1s
' SFUNCTION()     intrinsic    Declare or define a "system" function
' SGN()           intrinsic    Sign of number (-1, 0, +1)
' SHARED          statement    Declare variables to have SHARED scope
' SHELL()         intrinsic    Execute a command line string
' SIGN()          intrinsic    Sign of number (-1, +1)
' SIGNED$()       intrinsic    Convert to type STRING  (leading "-" or "+")
' SIN()           xma          sine
' SINH()          xma          hyperbolic-sine
' SINGLE          statement    Declare variables to be type SINGLE
' SINGLE()        intrinsic    Convert to type SINGLE
' SINGLEAT()      intrinsic    Write SINGLE value into specified memory address
' SINGLEAT()      intrinsic    Read SINGLE value from specified memory address
' SIZE()          intrinsic    Size of string or array in bytes
' SLONG           statement    Declare variables to be type SLONG
' SLONG()         intrinsic    Convert to type SLONG
' SLONGAT()       intrinsic    Write SLONG value into specified memory address
' SLONGAT()       intrinsic    Read SLONG value from specified memory address
' SMAKE()         intrinsic    Make a type SINGLE from a 32-bit integer value
' SPACE$()        intrinsic    Create a string of n space characters
' SQRT()          xma          square-root
' SSHORT          statement    Declare variables to be type SSHORT
' SSHORT()        intrinsic    Convert to type SSHORT
' SSHORTAT()      intrinsic    Write SSHORT value into specified memory address
' SSHORTAT()      intrinsic    Read SSHORT value from specified memory address
' STATIC          statement    Declare variables to be STATIC scope
' STEP            auxiliary    Used in FOR.TO.STEP...NEXT blocks
' STOP            statement    Stop program execution here
' STR$()          intrinsic    Convert to type STRING (leading "-" or " ")
' STRING          statement    Declare variables to be type STRING
' STRING()        intrinsic    Convert to type STRING (leading "-" or "")
' STRING$()       intrinsic    Convert to type STRING (leading "-" or "")
' STUFF$()        intrinsic    Stuff one string into another
' SUB             statement    Begin a subroutine
' SUBADDR         statement    Declare variables to be type SUBADDR
' SUBADDR()       intrinsic    Convert to type SUBADDR
' SUBADDRESS()    intrinsic    Get address of subroutine
' SWAP            statement    Swap the values of the same type
'
' TAB()           intrinsic    Append spaces to PRINT string to get to column n
' TAN()           xma          tangent
' TANH()          xma          hyperbolic-tangent
' THEN            auxiliary    Used in IF...THEN...ELSE...ENDIF blocks
' TO              auxiliary    Used in FOR...NEXT blocks and ATTACH statements
' TRIM$()         intrinsic    Remove spaces and tabs from left & right of string
' TRUE            statement    Optional in SELECT CASE statements
' TYPE            statement    Declare/Define user-defined composite data type
' TYPE()          intrinsic    Return type number of variable, array, component
'
' UBOUND()        intrinsic    Upper bound of any dimension of an array
' UBYTE           statement    Declare variables to be type UBYTE
' UBYTE()         intrinsic    Convert variable to type UBYTE
' UBYTEAT()       intrinsic    Write UBYTE value into specified memory address
' UBYTEAT()       intrinsic    Read UBYTE value from specified memory address
' UCASE$()        intrinsic    Convert contents of string to upper case
' ULONG           statement    Declare variables to be type ULONG
' ULONG()         intrinsic    Convert variable to type ULONG
' ULONGAT()       intrinsic    Write ULONG value into specified memory address
' ULONGAT()       intrinsic    Read ULONG value from specified memory address
' UNION           statement    Declare/Define user-defined composite data type
' UNTIL           auxiliary    Used in DO and LOOP statements
' USHORT          statement    Declare variables to be type USHORT
' USHORT()        intrinsic    Convert variable to type USHORT
' USHORTAT()      intrinsic    Write USHORT value into specified memory address
' USHORTAT()      intrinsic    Read USHORT value from specified memory address
'
' VERSION         statement    Give a version number to the program
' VERSION$()      intrinsic    Get the version number string from VERSION statement
' VOID            statement    Declare that a function returns no value
'
' WHILE           auxiliary    Used in DO and LOOP statements
' WRITE           statement    Write variables to a file
'
' XLONG           statement    Declare variables to be type XLONG
' XLONG()         intrinsic    Convert variable to type XLONG
' XLONGAT()       intrinsic    Write XLONG value into memory at specified address
' XLONGAT()       intrinsic    Read XLONG value from memory at specified address
' XMAKE()         intrinsic    Retype to XLONG from any type (MSW if GIANT/DOUBLE)
' XOR             operator     Bitwise exclusive-OR operator
'

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